Dasar Pendidikan Amerika Syarikat terhadap China dalam Konteks Persaingan Strategik: Penyesuaian Dasar dan Trend Baharu, 2017–2026
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70148/rise.v3i6.7Kata kunci:
Dasar, Pendidikan, Hubungan Amerika Syarikat–China, Persaingan strategik, Keselamatan penyelidikanAbstrak
Abstrak
Pendidikan pernah menjadi salah satu bidang utama kerjasama dalam hubungan Amerika Syarikat–China, khususnya melalui pertukaran pelajar dan sarjana serta penglibatan akademik yang lebih luas. Walau bagaimanapun, sejak tahun 2017, bidang ini semakin dipengaruhi oleh persaingan strategik yang semakin sengit antara kedua-dua negara. Artikel ini meneliti dasar Amerika Syarikat terhadap China dalam bidang pendidikan dari tahun 2017 hingga 2026 dengan berdasarkan dokumen perundangan, peraturan, garis panduan dan laporan yang dikeluarkan oleh agensi persekutuan Amerika Syarikat dan Kongres. Kajian ini memberi tumpuan kepada tiga bidang, iaitu pertukaran pelajar dan sarjana; kerjasama pendidikan dan akademik; serta organisasi dan program pendidikan yang mempunyai kaitan dengan China, bagi mengenal pasti pelarasan dasar utama dan trend yang muncul sepanjang tempoh tersebut. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa, walaupun pertukaran dan kerjasama akademik masih diteruskan, keperluan berkaitan keselamatan penyelidikan, ketelusan dan pengurusan risiko semakin diintegrasikan ke dalam dasar yang mengawal pendidikan dan kerjasama akademik. Secara keseluruhannya, pelarasan tersebut tidak menunjukkan pemisahan sepenuhnya, sebaliknya mencerminkan gabungan kerjasama yang berterusan dengan kawalan yang lebih ketat. Artikel ini seterusnya membincangkan implikasi bagi Vietnam dalam usaha mengekalkan dan memperluas kerjasama pendidikan antarabangsa dalam konteks persaingan strategik yang semakin sengit.
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Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Mai Duyen Vu, Tuyet Mai Nguyen Thi (Author)
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