The Role of Job Satisfaction as Mediator in between Perceived Integrity in Leadership and Work Engagement in Teacher Profession at Johor Bahru, Johor
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70148/rise.16Keywords:
perceived integrity in leadership; work engagement; job satisfaction; mediating; primary school teachers.Abstract
Headmasters significantly impact teachers' work engagement through their daily leadership practices. Research indicates a correlation between perceived integrity in leadership and work engagement within professional environments. Job satisfaction serves as a crucial factor influencing an individual's level of work engagement. Nevertheless, the literature regarding the headmasters’ integrity practices in leadership and their impact on teachers’ work engagement, potentially mediated by job satisfaction, remains ambiguous at this point. This study aimed to examine the perceived integrity in leadership and work engagement, mediated by job satisfaction, within a population of 1,358 primary school teachers at Johor Bahru, Johor. This quantitative and non-experimental correlation study employed the probability sampling method to gather research data through a questionnaire administered to 338 selected teacher respondents. The data was subsequently analyzed using SPSS and PLS-SEM. The findings of the study revealed that job satisfaction plays a positive and significant mediating role between the perceived integrity in leadership of headmaster and work engagement among primary school teachers at Johor Bahru. The findings of this study indicate that primary school teachers at Johor Bahru perceive a high level of integrity in leadership, particularly towards their headmaster, and also demonstrate a high level of work engagement among themselves.
References
Abbrow, H., Abdullah, H., & Atshan, N. (2018). Effect of organisational integrity and leadership behaviour on organisational excellence: Mediator role of work engagement. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 27(4), 972-985. doi:10.1108/IJOA-08-2018-1518
Anisa, N. M., Herman, S. A. (2020). The relationship between job burnout and job satisfaction: Health care industry perspectives. Global Business Management Review, 12(1), 46-71. Retrieved from http://gbmr.oyagsb.uum.edu.my
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Sanz-Vergel, A. (2023). Job demands-resources theory: Ten years later. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior 2023, 10, 25-53. doi:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-120920-053933
Carmona-Halty, M., Schaufeli, B. W., & Salanova, M. . (2019). Good relationships, good performance: The mediating role of psychological papital - a three-wave study among students. Frontiers in Psychology, 26(10). doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00306
Christie, K., & Fellow, K. (2014). Leading with integrity. Discussion paper, Queen’s University , Smith School of Business , Ontario. Retrieved from https://smith.queensu.ca/insight/file/qsbinsight_whitepaper_leading_with_integrity.pdf
Day, C., & Sammons, P. (2014). Successful school leadership. The University of Nottingham, Education Development Trust, Reading. Retrieved from https://www.educationdevelopmenttrust.com/EducationDevelopmentTrust/files/a3/a359e571-7033-41c7-8fe7-9ba60730082e.pdf
Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., & Leiter, M. (2014). Burnout and job performance: The moderating role of selection, optimization, and compensation strategies. Journal of occupational health psychology, 19(1), 96-107. doi:10.1037/a0035062
Dhamija, P., Gupta, S., & Bag, S. (2018). Measuring of job satisfaction: The use of quality of work life factors. Benchmarking An International Journal, 26. doi:10.1108/BIJ-06-2018-0155
Halbesleben, J. R. (2010). A meta-analysis of work engagement: Relationships with burnout, demands, resources, and consequences. In &. M. A. B. Bakker, Work engagement: A handbook of essential theory and practice (pp. 102-117). Psychology Press.
Hilmi, A., Ali, C., & Nihal, C. (2006). Herzberg's Motivation- Hygiene Theory applied to high school teachers in Turkey. European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 1(4), 90-97. doi:10.26417/ejms.v1i4.p90-97
Khairani, Z. A., & Samsudin, A. M. (2019). Career profile among Malaysian in-service teachers. CICE Series, 1(1), 121-129. Retrieved from https://cice.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Career-Profile-among-Malaysian-In-Service-Teachers.pdf
Khun-Inkeeree, H., Yusof, M. R., Maruf, I. R., Mat, T. R. T., & Sofian F. N. R. M. (2022). Enhancing school effectiveness by implementing identified and intrinsic motivation among primary school teachers. Frontiers in Education, 7. doi:10.3389/feduc.2022.852378
Kuok, A., & Taormina, R. (2017). Work engagement: Evolution of the concept and a new inventory. Psychological Thought, 10(2), 262-287. doi:10.5964/psyct.v10i2.236
Li Y., Wang A., Wu Y., Han N., & Huang H. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of college students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 669119. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669119
Manalo, A. R., Castro, B., & Uy, C. (2020). The mediating role of job satisfaction on the effect of motivation to organizational commitment and work engagement of private secondary high school teachers in Metro-Manila. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 9(1), 133-159. Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/docview/2303164739
Milanović, V., Bučalina Matić, A., & Golubović, J. (2021). Employees’ satisfaction with supervisor communication and personal feedback. Economic Themes, 59, 535-554. doi:10.2478/ethemes-2021-0030
MOE (2013). Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013-2015 (Preschool to Post Secondary Education). Ministry of Education Malaysia. Retrieved from https://www.moe.gov.my/menumedia/media-cetak/penerbitan/dasar/1207-malaysia-education-blueprint-2013-2025/file
Moorman, R. H., Darnold, T. C., Priesemuth, M., & Dunn, C.P. (2012). Toward the measurement of perceived leader integrity: Introducing a multidimensional approach. Journal of Change Management, 12(4), 383-398. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Robert-Moorman/publication/263490885_Toward_the_Measurement_of_Perceived_Leader_Integrity_Introducing_a_Multidimensional_Approach/links/60f97b862bf3553b290441ba/Toward-the-Measurement-of-Perceived-Leader-Integrity-Intr
Munyewende, P., Rispel, L., & Chirwa, T. (2014). Positive practice environments influence job satisfaction of primary health care clinic nursing managers in two South African provinces. Human Resources for Health, 12, 27. doi:10.1186/1478-4491-12-27
Osemeke, M., & Adegboyega, S. (2017). Critical review and comparism between Maslow, Herzberg and McClelland’s theory of needs. Funai Journal of Accounting, 1(1), 161-173. Retrieved from https://www.fujabf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Critical-Review-and-Comparism-between-Maslow-Herzberg-and-McClellands-Theory-of-Needs.pdf
Palaniammal, G. (2013). Motivating factors of employees are instigated mprove organization productivity. Indian Streams Research Journal, 3(7), 1-7. Retrieved from https://arastirmax.com/tr/system/files/dergiler/177287/makaleler/3/7/arastrmx_177287_3_pp_1-4_5.pdf
Palanski, M. E., & Yammarino, F. J. (2009). Integrity and leadership: A multi-level conceptual framework. The Leadership Quarterly, 20(3), 405-420. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247207906_Integrity_and_Leadership_A_Multi-Level_Conceptual_Framework
Sanders, T. (2019). Measuring employee job satisfaction during workplace downsizing. Doctoral dissertation (unpublished), Nova Southeastern University. Retrieved from https://nsuworks.nova.edu/fse_etd/253
Schöttl, L. (2015). The Concept of Moral Integrity and its Implications for Business. Research Report, Konstanz Institut für Corporate Governance (KICG), Hochschule Konstanz Technik, Wirtschaft und Gestaltung (HTWG), Konstanz. Retrieved from https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/125929
Smith, D. B., & Shields, J. (2013). Factors related to social service workers' job satisfaction: Revisiting Herzberg's motivation to work. Administration in Social Work, 37(2), 189-198. doi:10.1080/03643107.2012.673217
Sokolov, K. C. (2017). Teacher engagement in grades 4-8 . Theses and Dissertations, Pepperdine University, Graduate School of Education and Psychology. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/etd/779/
Shahid, A., & Arabia, S. (2013). Integrity and trust: The defining principles of great workplace. Research Management Review, 5(4), 64-75. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276181875_Integrity_Trust_The_Defining_Principles_of_Great_Workplaces
Suryadi, B., Nisa, F. Y., & Sumiati, T. N. (2016). Development of Personal Integrity Scale: Construct validity. 1st International Conference on Educational Research (ICERE), (pp. 1-12). Yogyakarta. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328686475_DEVELOPMENT_OF_PERSONAL_INTEGRITY_SCALE_Construct_Validity
Tan, K. S. (2013). Herzberg’s two-factor theory on work motivation: Does it works for todays’ environment? Global Journal of Commerce and Management Perspective, 2, 18-22. Retrieved from https://www.longdom.org/articles/herzbergs-two-factors-theory-on-work-motivation-does-it-work-for-todays-environment.pdf
Tuliao, K., & Chung, C. W. (2022). Work motivation: The roles of individual needs and social conditions. Behavioral Sciences, 12(49), 1-19. doi:10.3390/bs12020049
Li, G. H., Pervaiz, & He, Q. (2021). Workplace friendship is a blessing in the exploration of supervisor behavioral integrity, affective commitment, and employee proactive behavior: An empirical research from service industries of Pakistan. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 14, 1447-1459. doi:10.2147/PRBM.S329905
Ugwu, O. F., Onyishi, E. I., & Sanchez, R. M. A. (2013). Linking organizational trust with employee engagament: The role of psychological empowerment. Personnel Review, 43(3), 377-400. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262574703_Linking_organizational_trust_with_employee_engagement_The_role_of_psychological_empowerment
Wood, J., Oh, J., Park, J., & Kim, W.(2020). The relationship between work engagement and work–life balance in organizations: A review of the empirical research. Human Resource Development Review, 1-23. doi:10.1177/1534484320917560
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Yew Ing Yek, Fung Lan Loo (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
